Journal: International Journal of Nanomedicine
Article Title: Dual-Action Theranostic Nanoparticles Delivering Toll-Like Receptor 2 Inhibitors and Chemotherapy Target Breast Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S556284
Figure Lengend Snippet: PLGA-CU prevents doxorubicin-induced NF-kB activation. ( A ) FACS analysis of p65 NF-κB phosphorylation in WT-874 cells treated with 5 µM CU-CPT22 or PLGA-CU and/or 1 µM LIPO-DOXO or doxorubicin for 48 h, or left untreated. The individual values and means ± SEM of mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) from three independent experiments are reported, as well as representative FACS histograms where light grey histograms show the signal obtained with an isotype control antibody, dark grey histograms with the specific monoclonal antibody. ( B and C ) Representative Western blot analysis of phosphorylated and total p65 NF-κB in 4T1 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated as in ( A ). The graphs report the individual values and means ± SEM of the fold increase in NF-κB phosphorylation in treated samples as compared to control cells cultured in medium from three independent experiments. The black dotted line indicates the baseline activation level of control (medium) cells. ( D and E ) ELISA of IL-6 and TGF-β released into the supernatant of 4T1 cells cultured for 48 h as described in ( A ). ( F and G ) Representative images of tumorspheres (Magnification 10X), and graph showing sphere-generating ability (number of tumorspheres generated every 10 3 plated cells) of 4T1 cells cultured for 5 days in tumorsphere-forming conditions in the absence or presence of IL-6 (10 ng/mL) or PGN-SA (200 µg/mL). ( H ) Means ± SEM of the percentage of Sca1 + cells in 4T1 tumorspheres treated as in ( F ). ( I ) MTT assays on 4T1 cells treated for 48 h with IL-6 (10 ng/mL) or PGN-SA (200 µg/mL). The black dotted line represents the viability of the control condition, normalized to 100%. Deviations above or below this line indicate an increase or decrease in cell viability relative to the control. In all panels, N = 3 independent experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, One-way ANOVA.
Article Snippet: 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide(polyethyleneglycol)-2000] (ammonium salt) (DSPE-PEG2000-maleimide), 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene gly-col)-2000] (ammonium salt) (DPPE-PEG2000-methoxy), (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-poshosphoethanolamine-N-(carboxyfluorescein) (ammonium salt) (DOPE-CF) and 2-Oleoyl-1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids Inc. CU-CPT22 was purchased from Tocris Bioscience.
Techniques: Activation Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Fluorescence, Control, Western Blot, Cell Culture, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Generated